Tag Archives: Viña Morandé

Great Grapes: Call me Carménère

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As I wrote about last year (See story), an important shift in the Chilean wine landscape has been the recognition of what grapes are actually being grown in the vineyards. More specifically, a big emphasis has been on the grape variety, Carménère. If you are unfamiliar (or less familiar) with Carménère, you are not alone. In fact, the Chileans mistook Carménère for Merlot for decades, only correctly identifying it in Chilean vineyards in 1994. Carménère has now been embraced as a singularly Chilean variety, gaining respect and an understanding for how to grow and produce this grape.

This sister variety to Cabernet Sauvignon gets its name from the French word carmin, which translates as crimson, given the variety’s deep red color. It originally hails from France’s Bordeaux region, where it was among the red grapes permitted for Bordeaux wines back in the day. While it is still allowed, it is not readily found in France these days. By 1994, as it was rediscovered in Chile, less than 25 acres could be found in the Médoc, while today there are only 197 acres in total remaining in France.

In contrast, in that same year (1994), over 8,500 acres of supposed Merlot turned out to be Carménère. This figure has grown to 25,500 acres in 2021, after peaking at 34,000 in 2014 and, presently, Chile boasts the most Carménère vines in the world. Currently, there is a diverse mix of old vines – some as old as 80 years – and newer plantings, providing winemakers with a range of options from which to craft their wines.

With Cabernet Franc as the parent variety for both Cabernet Sauvignon and Carménère, it is not surprising that the two share many of Cabernet Franc’s characteristics, including the pyrazine-influenced aromas and flavors. Most often described as green pepper or herbaceous notes, these aroma compounds shift more toward spicy, fruity flavors when the Carménère grapes are more fully ripe.

In this regard, Carménère can be produced in either a riper or cooler style, depending on what the winemaker hopes to achieve. Consequently, very ripe grapes display lots of spice, with darker fruit characteristics, yet often yield wines that are high in alcohol, body and intensity due to the warmer climate, extra time on the vine or both. Conversely, cooler climates and soils are more likely to produce wines with more pronounced vegetal aromas. Given the reduction in green pepper aromas, warmer regions, such as the Colchagua and Cachapoal Valleys, have had significant success with Carménère.

However, this robust style peaked in 2010 and has been on the decline in favor of a less ripe profile in more recent years. In particular, this stylistic shift was heralded in 2017 with the release of the Carménère Santa Rita Floresta. Since then, winemakers have strived to respect the vegetal characteristics and create balanced wines with both red and dark fruit flavors, along with more moderate alcohol and body.

Regardless of one’s preferred style, these wines are well made and generally provide a good price to quality ratio. A recent round up tasting included the wines below, which offered up a range of styles and price points. We were particularly impressed with the
Viña San Esteban In Situ Carménère Reserva 2020, which, at $13.00, overdelivered and was a pleasure to drink.

I strongly encourage you to check out Chilean Carménère, but, love it or hate it, don’t call it Merlot!

TASTING NOTES

InVina Luma Chequen Gran Reserva Carmenere 2020, Valle del Maule, Chile, $17.00
Aromas of blackberry and oak greet the nose. The dry palate offers up vibrant acidity, medium+ body and rustic tannins, with flavors of blueberries and spice, with long length.

Morandé Vitis Única Carménère 2021, Maipo Valley, Chile, $20.00
This wine shows notes of leather, earth and plum, which persist on the dry, full-bodied palate. It displays medium+ acidity, textural tannins and has long length.

Viña San Esteban In Situ Carmenere Reserva 2020, Aconcagua Valley, Chile, $13.00
A really lovely wine, especially at this price, the wine offers up aromas of smoke, blackberry, and oak, with very peppery and spicy notes. The full-bodied palate is dry, with medium acidity, medium body, ripe tannins and flavors of coffee, blackberry, earth, spice with long length.

Primus Carmenere 2020, DO Apalta, Colchagua Valley, Chile, $21.00
A very elegant wine produced from organic grapes, this wine has a fruity nose with black and blue fruit. The dry palate has medium+ body, medium acidity, and ripe, medium tannins, along with flavors of black and blue fruit, spice and cocoa and very long length.

TerraNoble CA2 2020 Carmenere Costa 2020, Colchagua Valley, Chile, $36.00
A beautifully complex wine with meaty, spicy, leafy and black cherry aromas. The palate is dry, with medium+ acidity, medium-to-full body, and ripe tannins. Blueberry and dried herbs dominate the palate, culminating in very long length.

Montes Wings Carmenere 2020, Apalta Valley, Chile, $55.00
Aromas of leafy herbs, red berries, and plum continue on the dry, smooth palate along with full body, medium acidity, oak, and very long length. Overall, a complex and elegant wine with fine tannins. You can learn more about Aurelio Montes, Sr. and Aurelio Montes, Jr. and the Montes winery in this story.


Cool down with Chilean Sauvignon Blanc

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What’s the story, morning glory? As written previously, Chile is hot! And, as I discovered recently, it’s Sauvignon Blancs are really cool. These fresh, crisp white wines are a great option for summer especially with the heat waves we’ve experienced recently on both sides of the Atlantic.

But, more importantly, the story is that Chile is defining and refining what it wants to produce when it comes to Chilean Sauvignon Blanc.

Moreover, this grape is going gangbusters. First brought to Chile by Claudio Gray in 1841, it had a slow start. In fact, the variety represented only a small portion of vineyard plantings by the mid-2000s. Yet, it has seen a significant rise in plantings since that time, growing from 18,300 acres (Oxford Companion to Wine, 4th edition, Jancis Robinson, Julia Harding, Oxford University Press, 2015) to 37,614 as of 2019 (Wines of Chile seminar, 7/26/2022). Today, Sauvignon Blanc represents Chile’s second most widely planted variety and accounts for 40% of all white grapes grown in the country with vines found mainly across the Coastal and Central Valley regions.  This sustained growth period has been coincident with Chile’s increased expertise and knowledge.

In particular, it was Pablo Morandé of Viña Morandé who, influenced by cool climate whites from California’s Sonoma County, sought to recreate Chile’s own version, noticing how the cool breeze impacted the wines. He selected Sauvignon Blanc as his grape of choice and the Chilean Coastal Range as his terroir.

As more growers have gotten on board with this vision, the country has developed its own unique style of Sauvignon Blanc that is heavily influenced by the cool climate that Chile provides. Specifically, the vast 600-mile wide, Humboldt current that runs from Antarctica to the North Pole is responsible for cool temperatures (52-57°F), fog and morning mist that maintain high acidity, keep the pyrazines (which translate into herbaceous characteristics) and purity of fruit flavors.

Within Chile, the wineries are further delineating their regions and sub regions. As was heard by Sofia Araya of Veramonte (see story), there is a philosophical shift from grape to geography as the climate conditions now take center stage when considering what grapes to grow where and what style of wine is desired.

In this vein, there are three distinct Sauvignon Blanc growing regions:
>>Coastal Sauvignon Blanc: Humboldt and Coastal Range
These tend to be very herbaceous with jalapeno, grass and asparagus notes and high acid citrus including lime and lemon, along with full bodies with good acidity.
>>Inland Sauvignon Blanc: Central Valley and the Andes Slopes
A slightly warmer climate, this area produces Sauvignon Blancs with more grapefruit and topical fruit notes.
>>Southern Sauvignon Blanc: The Deep South – Patagonia and Bio Bio
These wines typically have really high acidity due to the soil and climate.

The finished wines are further impacted by the diversity of soils within the Coastal Range. For example, Casablanca has iron and marcillo soils, while Limari is dominant in limestone and granite.

As a result, there is a recognizable thread that runs through all of these wines, while each has its own unique flavor profile and attributes, due to microclimates as well as different winemaking approaches.

And, as Chilean winemakers seek to produce for the higher end of the market, these are wines with complexity, concentration and balance.  Admittedly, they share the same DNA as New Zealand Sauvignon Blancs and Sancerre, but they offer their own, distinct style, character and expression.

At a recent virtual seminar, members of the wine press were given the opportunity to taste through a selection of eight Coastal Range Sauvignon Blancs, learning more about these wines from Joaquín Hidalgo of Vinous.com, an authority on South American wines as well as about Chile’s market in general from Julio Alonso, Executive Director USA for Wines of Chile.

TASTING NOTES

  • Viña Morandé Gran Reserva Sauvignon Blanc 2020 / SRP $20
    Pablo Morandé is a pioneer in the area. This is a single vineyard in the warmest part of Casablanca, away from ocean. The wine displays high acidity, with lime, lemon and a slightly woody note.
  • Matetic Vineyards EQ Coastal Sauvignon Blanc 2020 / SRP $20
    This family owned winery practices organic viticulture and is situated in the Rosario Valley of Casablanca. There is black mica in the soils. The wine is predominantly citrus and white nectarine, with some salinity.
  • Casas del Bosque La Cantera Sauvignon Blanc 2020 / SRP $18
    Hailing from the coldest spot in Casablanca, closest to the ocean, this wine is very fresh, concentrated and expressive, undergoing lees contact, with notes of grapefruit and herbs.
  • Montes Wines Limited Selection Sauvignon Blanc 2021 / SRP $15
    With grapes sourced from Leyda, close to the Pacific Ocean, this fresh wine shows very lemony in character with good acidity and minerality.
  • Viña Koyle Costa La Flor Sauvignon Blanc 2021 / SRP $18
    An organic and biodynamic producer, this is situated in San Antonio, Leyda. The wine has more weight and soil presence on the palate, with riper apricot and tropical fruit flavors.
  • Viña Garcés Silva Amayna Sauvignon Blanc 2020 / SRP $25
    Also from Leyda, this wine has well integrated acidity and fresh flavors of citrus, herbs, white flowers with some lees contact.
  • Ventisquero Wine Estates Grey Sauvignon Blanc 2019 / SRP $25
    These grapes are grown in granitic and gravel soils along the Huasco River in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on earth. The wine is aged over its lees for ten months in large foudres to soften the wine, with offers up lots of lime, minerality and salinity.
  • Viña Tabalí Talinay Sauvignon Blanc 2021 / SRP $24
    Next to the ocean near the Limari River, these grapes are also grown in desert conditions. This wine is citrus dominant with a distinct herbal undercurrent.